Haut Atlas Oriental National Park (French: Parc National du Haut Atlas Oriental) is a protected area in Morocco’s eastern High Atlas mountains. Covering about 49,000 hectares (120,000 acres), it was established to safeguard both natural and cultural values. Parts of the park, including its lakes and wetlands, have been recognized as a Ramsar site since 2005, highlighting its international importance for biodiversity and water resources.

History

The park was created to preserve the ecological richness of the eastern High Atlas while also protecting cultural heritage. Its designation as a Ramsar site in 2005 emphasized the global significance of its wetlands, particularly the twin lakes of Isli and Tislit near Imilchil. Historically, these lakes are tied to local legends and traditions, making the park a blend of natural and cultural conservation.

Ecology

The park spans altitudes from 1,645 m in the Oued Arheddou valley to 3,102 m at Jbel Tanrhourt, creating diverse habitats. The northern slopes receive 400–600 mm of rainfall annually, supporting dense forests, while the southern slopes are drier with only 200–300 mm, dominated by open steppe. Winter snow is abundant at higher elevations, feeding rivers and wetlands. Vegetation includes cedar (Cedrus atlantica), pine (Pinus pinaster maghrebiana), oak (Quercus rotundifolia), juniper (Juniperus thurifera), and steppe grasses like Stipa tenacissima.

Wildlife

The park is designated as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International.

• Birds: Barbary partridge, Levaillant’s woodpecker, subalpine warbler, spectacled warbler, Tristram’s warbler, Moussier’s redstart, black-eared wheatear, and black wheatear.

• Mammals: Barbary sheep, Cuvier’s gazelle, and Barbary macaques. Leopards were once present but are likely extinct locally, with no confirmed sightings since 1993.

• Other Species: The wetlands and lakes support amphibians, reptiles, and migratory birds, adding to the park’s ecological diversity.

Surrounding Areas

The park lies between Beni Mellal and Er Rachidia, with Imilchil as a nearby cultural centre. The twin lakes of Isli and Tislit are not only ecological treasures but also tied to local folklore about star-crossed lovers, making them cultural landmarks. The surrounding High Atlas villages maintain traditional lifestyles, blending agriculture, pastoralism, and Berber heritage.

Activities

• Hiking & Trekking: Trails through cedar forests, alpine plateaus, and rugged mountains.

• Birdwatching: Spot rare and endemic species in forest and steppe habitats.

• Cultural Visits: Explore Imilchil and learn about Berber traditions and legends of the lakes.

• Photography: Capture snow-capped peaks, twin lakes, and diverse wildlife.

• Nature Study: Observe steppe vegetation, wetlands, and seasonal snowmelt ecosystems.

Best Time to Visit

• Spring (March–May): Blooming vegetation, active birdlife, and pleasant weather.

• Summer (June–August): Warm conditions, ideal for trekking, though higher elevations remain cool.

• Autumn (September–November): Clear skies, fewer visitors, and cultural festivals in nearby villages.

• Winter (December–February): Snowy landscapes, though access may be limited; excellent for photography.

Visitor Tips

• Access: Reachable from Beni Mellal or Er Rachidia; Imilchil is a common entry point.

• Vehicles: 4x4 recommended for mountain roads.

• Supplies: Carry food, water, and essentials, as facilities are limited.

• Clothing: Warm layers for higher altitudes, sturdy hiking boots, and sun protection.

• Safety: Respect wildlife, stay on marked trails, and prepare for variable mountain weather.

• Community Support: Engage with local Berber communities to support cultural preservation and eco-tourism.